1 Acquiring the Basic Skills
第一章 掌握当众演讲的基本技能
I started teaching classes in public speaking in 1912, the year the
Titanic went down in the icy waters of the North Atlantic. Since
then, millions of people have been graduated from these
classes.
In the demonstration meetings proceeding the first session of the
Dale Carnegie Course, people are given the opportunity of telling
why they intend to enroll① and what they hope to gain from this
training. Naturally, the phraseology② varies; but the central
desire, the basic want in the vast majority of cases, remains
surprisingly the same:
“When I am called upon to stand up and speak, I become so
self-conscious,so frightened,that I can’t think clearly, can’t
concentrate, can’t remember what I intended to say. I want to gain
self-confidence, poise③, and the ability to think on my feet④. I
want to get my thoughts together in logical order, and I want to be
able to talk clearly and convincingly before a business or social
group.”
Doesn’t this sound familiar? Haven’t you experienced these same
feelings of inadequacy? Wouldn’t you give a small fortune to have
the ability to speak convincingly and persuasively in public? I am
sure you would. The very fact that you have begun reading the pages
of this book is proof of your interest in acquiring the ability to
speak effectively. I know what you are going to say, what you would
say if you could talk to me:
“But Mr. Carnegie, do you really think I could develop the
confidence to get up and face a group of people and address them in
a coherent⑤, fluent manner?”
I have spent nearly all my life helping people get rid of their
fears and develop courage and confidence. I could fill many books
with the story of the miracles that have taken place in my classes.
It is not, therefore, a question of my thinking. I know you can, if
you practice the directions and suggestions that you will find in
this book.
Is there the faintest shadow of a reason why you should not be able
to think as well in a perpendicular⑥ position before an audience as
you can sitting down?
Is there any reason why you should play host to butterflies in your
stomach⑦ and become a victim of the “trembles” when you get up to
address an audience? Surely,you realize that this condition can be
remedied, that training and practice will wearaway your
audience-fright and give you self-confidence.
1912年，也就是“泰坦尼克号”游轮沉入北大西洋冰海之中的那一年，我开始开设课程，教授如何当众演讲。此后，数百万学员参加该课程的学习后毕业。
在戴尔?卡耐基第一届培训班开课前的示范会上，学员们得到机会谈谈自己有意报名参加培训的原因，以及期待有何收获。当然，众口不一，但是大多数学员的主要愿望与基本需求竟如出一辙：
“要是有人叫我站起来讲话，我就会很不自在，心里发慌，思路不清，精力不能集中，记不起自己打算说什么。我想获得自信，做到沉着冷静、反应敏捷。我希望自己的想法能有条不紊，无论是谈生意还是社交，都能表达清晰，富有说服力。”
这些话听起来是否耳熟？你是否也有这种力不从心的同感？难道你就不愿花点钱，学习在公众面前讲话时掷地有声、雄辩有力？我相信你的回答是肯定的。你已经开始阅读本书，这一点就恰恰证明，你希望获得高效演讲的能力。我知道你打算说什么，如果你能当面跟我交谈，你会这样问：
“可是卡耐基先生，你真的认为我能培养信心，站起来当着一群人的面讲话既流畅又连贯吗？”
我一生的大部分时间都致力于帮助人们摆脱恐惧，培养勇气，建立信心。培训班上发生的种种奇迹，足以写出许多本书。因此，这个问题不在于我觉得如何。我知道，只要你根据本书的方法与建议去练习，你就能做到。
为什么你站着演讲就不能像坐着时那样轻松地思考？为什么你起身演讲时紧张不安、浑身发抖？这两种情况的产生有任何原因吗？当然，你明白这种情况是可以纠正的，通过培训与练习，你对听众的恐惧会慢慢消除，获得自信。
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